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Austria–Hungary relations are the neighborly relations between Austria and Hungary, two member states of the European Union. Both countries have a long common history since the ruling dynasty of Austria, the Habsburgs, inherited the Hungarian throne in the 16th century. Both have been part of the now-defunct Austro-Hungarian Monarchy from 1867 to 1918. The two countries established diplomatic relations in 1921, after their separation. Both countries are full members of the European Union. They share a border, which can be crossed anywhere without control, because of the Schengen Agreement. ==Before World War II== In the last decades of the Dual Monarchy, Austria and Hungary developed quite differently. In Hungary, the Magyar aristocracy and bourgeoisie tried to "Magyarize" the other nations of the multi-national kingdom within forty years: education was offered in Hungarian only, and place names and all official documents had to be written in Hungarian as well. In multi-national Austria, on the contrary, the Basic Law of the State (ドイツ語:''Staatsgrundgesetz'') of 1867 declared all nations of Imperial Austria equal, and the Germans as the leading nation did not try to "Germanize" the others. In the Kingdom of Hungary, voting rights were kept to the upper classes, while in Austria universal, equal and direct voting of all men was established in 1907. Before World War I, many aristocratic Hungarian families (such as Esterházy, Batthyany and Pálffy) had their own palaces in Vienna, where their king (the Emperor of Austria) resided. Some of them still own these premises today. Politicians and generals of both leading nations, Austrian Germans and Magyar Hungarians, were responsible for the disastrous foreign policy of the Monarchy that led towards World War I. Thence these two were treated as defeated enemies after World War I by the Allies of World War I. Both shared the experience of seeing millions of nationals having to live in other countries: the Austrians were not allowed to integrate the Germans of Bohemia and Moravia into their republic, the Hungarians had to leave the Magyars of Transylvania to Romania and those north of the Danube to Czechoslovakia (today Slovakia). According to the Treaty of Versailles, 1919 and the Treaty of Trianon, 1920, Hungary had to cede its westernmost part, called ドイツ語:''Deutsch-Westungarn'', to Austria, since these districts were inhabited by Germans for centuries. (ドイツ語:Ödenburg) (now (ハンガリー語:Sopron)) would have been the natural capital of the new Austrian State of Burgenland. Hungary did not agree to relinquish this city, so the Allied powers ordered a referendum, which the Hungarians won. Although many Austrians considered the polls to be irregular, the decision was treated as definitive. The area called Burgenland by the Austrians was handed over to Austria in the autumn of 1921. Even today, Hungarian may be used as an official language in some communities of Burgenland. Hungarian aristocrats like the Esterházys and Batthyanys kept their vast estates in Austria, even after their Hungarian estates were expropriated in 1945. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Austria–Hungary relations」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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